BlastOne has nearly 60 years of experience in designing, engineering and servicing sandblast rooms and booths in America, Australia, and globally. However, for those unfamiliar with this topic, the diagram at the side should help you understand exactly what happens in this system. While the Dust Collection System can capture dust and help assure a safe, clean work environment. We cut out the middleman and pass the savings to you!1926. BlueSky offers industrial dust collector rentals from 1,000CFM up to 60,000CFM and up to 10 yards of dust collecting capacity (between clean-outs). SANDBLAST DUST COLLECTOR DC-100 CFM Bag Style. Insert the collection tube into the top PVC pipe to create suction. Learn more. They feature proprietary HemiPleat® Gold ConeTM filters that stay cleaner and last longer than conventional pleated filters. Within the contained area, a dust collector is used for ventilation and to remove particles from the air. With several decades of experience engineering dust collection systems, AST Canada is the name you can trust above all others for solutions to dust, mist & fume. A currently employed sandblaster. Add to cart. Diesel comes standard with hydraulically driven auger and our electric come with gravity dump with drop legs. I highly recommend buying a Dust Deputy. Subscribe to our newsletter. It’s crucial that employers identify and eliminate safety and health risks at the source with a central dust collection system to protect machine operators and plant production. Dust Collectors. 76 lb. SKU: P-DCBMX. Clean Blast International is based in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates and have own branch offices in Doha (Qatar), AbuDhabi (U. O), Coimbatore - 641 007 Tamilnadu, India. 50. Sandblast Cabinet Dust Collection SystemRemoves Dust While BlastingDimensions: 11 1/4 in. What type and size of sandblasting dust collection, air scrubbers, and extraction equipment do you need? With over 40 years of experience in sandblasting dust collection and air scrubber equipment & systems for sale and rent, BlastOne has seen a lot of different projects and requirements for different types of equipment. Top Rated Plus. The dust collector system with a dual filter cartridge can help you clear the air blast more efficiently and effectively when you are operating. The size of the sandblasting area, the abrasive media used, and the level of contamination of the application will determine the requirements of the dust collector. Vaniman Manufacturing Co. Dust Collection System or Dust Collector for shot blasting machine for sale: (Fabric Bag Dust Collector) The fabric bag type dust collector having a minimum 36 number of tubular filter bags shall be provided. Extra Large Red Blasting Tip, 0. Or fastest delivery Mon, Nov 20. Gold Series industrial dust collectors use crossflow technology to create a uniform airflow that extends the life of your filter cartridges and minimizes energy usage. Suitable fabric media /cartridge filters are provided in the center shell for filtration of dusty air so that it will release the. Harbor Freight buys their top quality tools from the same factories that supply our competitors. Dust collectors are the most effect way to capture and collect the particles of abrasive media and contaminate that become airborne during the blasting process. As a result of the wide industry experience, we as air pollution control system manufacturers have developed immense expertise in manufacturing high-quality dust collection in India such as industrial dust collector blowers, bag house dust collector machines, and other dust collector system as per the customer requirements, like for example Kiln Pollution. We design. Our products are used in a wide range. The dust you are creating is a critical factor that you must be aware of. Siphon Systems. Manufactured by Worksite Lighting $2,000 each. The working principle of the dust collection system in sand-blasting room. We are able to design and manufacture a range of dust extraction systems. An integrated HEPA filtration module is available for all units. SKU: P-DFDC. Pulsar Plus 55-S 42”W x 23”D x 30”H 300 CFM reclaimer and 300 CFM dust collector; Pulsar Plus III-S6 36”W x 35”D x 37”H 600 CFM reclaimer and 600 CFM dust collectorDust is collected in the bag and disposed. Brand New. This allows for less media waste and prolonged media life. 00. Vaniman Manufacturing Co. VAC-55 HEPA Vacuum with HEPA Filtration provides great suction (90-100 cfm), won't clog, recovers 40 percent more dust than bag-type vacuums, and provides clear visibility inside your cabinet during blasting. For over 30 years, Econoline has been the preeminent supplier of dependable, well built sandblast equipment at reasonable prices. 5 and 6. A blast cabinet is essentially a closed loop system that allows the operator to blast the part and recycle the abrasive. Wall lights are protected in 10 gauge housings. Pre-fab units accommodate airflow volumes between 2,000 and 10,000 CFM. It usually consists of four components; the containment (cabinet), the abrasive blasting system, the abrasive recycling system and the dust collection. Lead to better product quality. FIGURE 3-3 This collector was developed for HVAC (heating and ventilating service). Pangborn has several dust collection systems that can be adapted to any manufacturer’s blast equipment and will effectively and efficiently evacuate dust and debris resulting from the blasting process. 00. The Monroe Cartridge Dust Collector is designed to provide continuous-duty collection and removal of airborne dust and particulate matter produced by manufacturing and processing operations at 99+% efficiency on many installations. BP DUST COLLECTOR TRINCO BP Dust Collector draws airborne dust from cabinet, providing visibility during blasting. Airflow Maintenance for Dust Control. MOBILE DUST COLLECTOR, AIR SCRUBBERS & PORTABLE DUST EXTRACTORS. Rectangular Shroud. 73 lb. Eastwood Blast Cabinet Foot Pedal and Gun. Hose clamps are available. But if your dust collector isn’t tailored to your blasting operation, you’re inviting productivity, maintenance, and safety issues:Dust collection units are an important component for blasting site environmental and personnel safety. We can provide advice on the design of the complete system including dust containment, ducting and hood design and correct sizing and type of dust collector. More Details 0. 75 shipping. A dust collector can: Improve health and safety. BlastOne has nearly 60 years of experience in designing, engineering and servicing sandblast rooms and booths in America, Australia, and globally. The system cleans recyclable abrasives, through the use of a cyclone separator, and returns the clean, good media back to the blast machine, while dust, dirt and debris are carried to the dust collector. Perfect for medium sized jobs when a large dust collector just won't fit. Econoline Abrasive Products is the leader in sandblasting equipment, abrasive blast equipment, blast cabinets, and sandblast dust collectors to individuals and industry throughout the world. Diesel or electric options. The abrasive blasting process is very dusty. Air-Tek Northwest is a division of. Online Customer Service. IDEAL SURFACE TREATMENT - Oarlike Blast Cabinet Bench Top can perfectly handle the paint, rust, and oxidation of the surface of a workpiece, suitable for the high-density surface treatment requirements. REQUEST A QUOTE TODAY! Please complete the form below and a Mod-U-Blast Sales representative will contact you within 1 business day. - 5 Gallon bucket ( 18. If you’re not ready to buy, or just starting out in steel grit abrasive blasting, ARS offers a comprehensive line of rental equipment. We. Shot Blasting Equipment Inc | New Kensington, PA. 3 microns and a MERV 16 rating. Use our sandblaster nozzle size chart to see which Vaniman blasting tip is the best for your application. Dust Socks are available in a variety of stock sizes but may be custom fabricated to fit any dust collection application. 5 microns at 99. Cartridge pulse jet dust collectors are horizontal-style dust collectors with a smaller footprint and compact design. Cyclone 4826 Sandblasting Cabinet and Dust Collector $ 1,399. Filter Bag, for Enclosed Dust Collector, Tubular 52″ *open both ends; 2-00031; Filter Bag, for 400 Pull Through Dust Collector, Tubular 36″. Our experts can recommend the ideal pollution control equipment based on your requirements. 3'', Capacity: 1-4/5Gallon ;Larger scale dust collection. 84 . Our sandblasting booths are equipped with a high-efficiency Hi Bay LED lighting system with 18,000 lumens. Two stage filter with electric auto drain. mikesllc (4,349) 99. $108/ mo. In. Using the right filter matters, and the first step in determining which type of. A sand-blasting cabinet. The most common containment method for sweeping. Nuisance, non-toxic, non-hazardous dust; Ideal for short. Our unique design allows for easy installation, cleaning, and replacement of lights by a single technician from inside the booth. Conveyor systems range from fork truck loading, work car or overhead mono-rail. The number of. Sentry Air Systems’ light-use Portable Grinding Dust Collectors & Extractors are designed for carbon steel, stainless steel, cold rolled steel, plastic, copper, and beryllium. To remove dust from the Pleated Filter bag dust collector, high-pressure air blasting is used. has crafted high-quality, long-lasting, affordable products that are easy to operate and maintain. Diesel powered. • Portable or skid-mounted 2. We fully guarantee our airflow performance and filtration specifications to provide our customers with a safe, practical, and healthy work. A. Raptor Blaster RB900 Dust Collector. Econoline 100 CFM SandBlaster Dust Collector Assembly 110 Volts 5 Foot Hose Gray. Last updated: August 13th, 2022. Central Collectors Up to 40,500 CFM Airflow. This blast cabinet comes equipped with sand blasting gun and ceramic nozzle along with an extra bright light to give you full vision when working. $ 759. . Schmidt 8 Ton Blast Pot System; 28 Ton Blast Pot; Portable. $381/ mo. Average Air Consumption: 9. (52) $ 262. Best. Certified HEPA filters capture 99. Thermal Spray Dust Collection. You can also search by product type to find items that belong to your needs. While the Dust Collection System can capture dust and help assure a safe, clean work environment. Abrasive blast systems depend on modern, well-designed blast rooms to ensure a confined, controlled, and clean environment for abrasive recycling. SandStorm Professional 80401. This modular, pneumatic shaker-type dust collector requires minimal supervision and maintenance. I have a opportunity to purchase a reliant dust collection system for $50. Share Listing. 00 Add to Cart Request Quote. 75 – 90 Mins. . Whether removing an existing coating or prepping a surface for a new coating, optimal surface preparation with the use of air compressors is crucial. Shipping Weight 3. . If you have a project where dust collection is required, Eagle’s Dust Socks are economically priced and environmentally friendly. We offer a self-contained abrasive reclaim system that includes an integral elevator, separator / classifier, dust collector controls and abrasive storage hopper. P. SANDBLAST DUST COLLECTOR DC-100 CFM Cartridge. 99 Sale $ 249. Read More > Solvent Distillation Systems Solvent Distillation Stills, Batch Systems, Continuous Flow Systems, Distillation Columns. 4 EXTRA NOZZLE+LARGE GLOVES . $5. This is crucial when dealing with silica dust, asbestos and hexavalent chromium fumes (dust). Average Air Consumption: 9. If well maintained, and not exposed to highly. Product Width 6-5/8 in. Products. Wall or. Mini Vacu-Blast™ Blast & Recovery System (Mini BRS) The Schmidt miniBRS is a compact and easily maneuverable abrasive blasting system that blasts and then recovers spent abrasive, contaminants and dust in the same step, eliminating the need for containment. 94 (a) (2) (ii) The concentration of respirable dust or fume in the breathing zone of the abrasive-blasting operator or any other worker shall be kept below the levels specified in § 1910. BP Dust Collector Models; 400 PT Models; 800 PT Models; Abrasive Separators. Here at Searose Environmental, we stock the best dust collectors and dust extraction systems available in Australia. Norton Sandblasting Equipment Company sells, rents and services the EnTech Industries Cyclone Series of high performance dust collectors and. Secondly, you must determine the cross-sectional duct area. We stock parts for many brands of blast machines. This can lead to slower machines and broken equipment. Sandblasting Dust Control Plan-King Vehicle Company Sand. Purchase or rent top-tier dust extraction equipment to promote cleaner air and enhanced productivity in your workspace. Recommended Dust Collector Filter Area Size. Deck Shroud Leakage Solutions. KEY FEATURES. So. Sold as a Kit which Includes: Blast Pot. The sandblasting cabinet holds the object being blasted, while the dust collector removes dust from the cabinet. Rapid Prep is one of the largest suppliers of used sandblasting equipment. Grainger carries high-efficiency dust collectors that can capture high volumes of dust created by industrial and commercial processes to help enhance air quality. Used for sandblasting dust control. Request a Quote. 00 Add to Cart Request Quote. For Dust Collection Systems Go To. . Sand Blaster Cabinets Sandblasting Machine Dust Collection Bag/Dust Collection Reclaim System for Bench Top Blast Cabinets Or Other Media Blasters/Sandblaster Attachment/Accessories (100mm) 1. The removal of airborne particles from the environment of a blast chamber is essential to maintain efficient operation. The Hurricane™ models 400 , 600 , 755, and 828 all have the powerful 27″ vacuum pumps that are required to. 3. Will it work. Mini Vacu-Blast™ Blast & Recovery System (Mini BRS) The Schmidt miniBRS is a compact and easily maneuverable abrasive blasting system that blasts and then recovers spent abrasive, contaminants and dust in the same step, eliminating the need for containment. Dust Collectors. See full list on eastwood. The 400 EB Reclaim Sandblast Dust Collector is a 400 CFM external bag media reclaimer with a large external dust bag and a ½ hp motor standard. (Photo courtesy of Flexaust, Inc. $3,689. 85 . 3. Titan Abrasive media reclaim systems save time and labor, reduce abrasive use, and disposal costs. If you would like to contact us by email, click here. Wall or cabinet mount ; Electrical Rating:120V/60Hz, Motor Rate:1100W, Noise: Lower than 75dB, NW:14. Summary. Ruggedly designed for heavy-duty use, providing effective solutions for centralized fume and dust collection. Choose from available models above by using the drop down list (down arrow), or clicking the smaller photos. Blasting Styles. A sandblasting system includes four basic components: the air source, the sandblasting cabinet, the dust collector, and the blasting media. Dust collector – A dust collection system is the most important component of an abrasive blasting. It’s a clean air solution you can count on. 50. 00. Glass crushers from Williams are rugged and reliable machines, designed to crush glass across a variety of. Install automatic sprinklers inside the dust collection system. It usually consists of four components; the containment (cabinet), the abrasive blasting system, the abrasive recycling system and the dust collection. $ 1,837. For replacement parts, questions, or general inquiries, call Sly Inc. 86. Below is an overview of each type of pulse jet system and common applications for each: Baghouses Baghouses are typically the largest of the three types of dust collectors. models. • Blast where open-air blasting is prohibited, or is not possible or practical. Without a sandblasting dust collection system, capturing dust from blasting applications such as surface preparation prior to coating, painting or bonding, can be a challenge. Full top opening makes it easier to get parts into and out of the blast chamber. Many dust collection systems require ductwork components in various metal gauges, depending on placement in the system. Explore BlastOne's wide range of portable dust collection and air scrubber systems, designed for the sandblasting industry. Circular Shroud. Use Air Purification Inc. The dust-laden air shall enter the dust collector through the side and pass into the. 254m/s (50fpm), a rate at which we can indefinitely suspend a particle of metallic dust. Choice of the correct model of dust collector is essential for any closed blasting system. Read More > Sandblasting Equipment Manual Sandblasting and Automated Finishing Systems. The unit has a. Mod-U-Blast Reverse pulse blast room dust collectors provide optimum clean air for abrasive blast rooms. . shows you how you can build one for yourself - and the COMPLETE parts list as well as step b. 4 EXTRA NOZZLE+LARGE GLOVES . They are commonly used in manufacturing and processing operations, both indoor and outdoor dust collectors, to ensure compliance with major regulatory bodies such as OSHA, NFPA, and. It can efficiently filter traps particles up to 5 microns and collect media dust for a clearer view . Applications • Sandblasting • Abrasive blasting • Containment projectsSandblasting Equipment. Full top opening makes it easier to get parts into and out of the blast chamber. View Details. The blasting air penetrates the top of the Pleated Filter bag tube, halting the flow of filthy air for the time being. $ 2,156. The Donaldson Torit® Cabinet Dust Collector's efficient, compact design covers a wide range of bag collector applications. Blasting styles include: Direct pressure: provides a uniform finish in a short time, and offers more precise system. An ideal replacement for a handheld microetcher, especially for adhesive removal or pre-bonding surface prep. Sandblast Room Ventilation Factor 1 – What you are blasting off. Each Vaniman sandblaster is assembled by hand and tested for quality prior to being shipped from our factory. $367. 100% Satisfaction Guaranteed. 6%. $ 52,400. $1999. They Lead to Better Product Quality. ₹ 1 Lakh. 866 = 3,468. Blast Room Design and Components. Sealed waste transfer system for vacuum blasting US5716260A (en) * 1995-02-03:. A critical element of a good blasting cabinet setup is a vacuum system that can suck out the dust, blasting media, and bits of removed material faster than it collects inside the chamber. A unique feature of Cyclone blast cabinets is our full opening tops and large side doors. CA Residents Warning - Prop 65 InfoThe hopper outlet for the dust collector dumped fine dust directly onto the plant floor. A system for removing contaminated air from a space, comprising two or more of the following elements. Single. Ruggedly built of 14 Gauge welded steel Carbon screen workfloor Heavyweight rubber gloves TRINCO™ easy change window frames. Norton Sandblasting Equipment Company has attractively priced sales and rental packages for all Dust Collectors. GST Product ID: MULTIBLAST-PRO1200RP-PSC. Attachments for VAC090- & VAC140-Series Dust Extractors. What is a Sandblasting Dust Collector? Cyclone blast cabinet dust collector systems are designed to keep the work area inside a blast cabinet visible during blasting. Sources of Dust Emissions from Collection Systems. From small to large jobs, our industrial dust filtration systems are designed to handle many applications, including welding smoke, grinding, cutting tables, blast applications, sanding. The material used for blasting is typically abrasive, which causes the air to be dirty, and a bag filter is an essential piece of equipment, which captures dust. Farrow FS 185 Dustless Blasting System. Each cabinet consists of four primary parts: The cabinet, which serves as containment; The abrasive blasting system; The recycling system for the abrasive; The dust collection system; These four components work together to blast the part, recycle the abrasive, and keep the dust. Filters are pulse cleaned while the system is in operation. A device or combination of devices for separating dust from the air handled by an exhaust ventilation system. 2151 N. Cyclone dust extractors are extremely powerful, reliable, and easy to maintain. Most will utilize an air-pulse mechanism to free build-up and restore airflow. $ 2,207. That means running a 2,200-watt dust collector will cost $0. Needed a way to remove the cloud of dust out of my view in my Harbor Freight blast cabinet. SKU: 107407 Made In: Canada Condition: Used Dust Collector: Included ** UNIT IS NOT CURRENTLY ASSEMBLED PDF SYSTEM SPEC SHEET PDF BLAST ROOM LAYOUT DRAWING Complete With: 16'L x 14'W x 12'H Blast Room constructed out of. Dust Collector for Film Coating Machine-Dust Extraction Machine for Pharmaceutical Factory Mar 2,2021. Diesel or Electric 6,000. Media is recycled from the gun system to the hopper and back to the gun system. In some operations, respirators may also be needed. Assemble the DIY cyclone dust collector by placing the modified bucket on top of the intact one. All blast and vac. Watch Video. 84 HP, 3. Dust Collectors. The DC-4000 comes with a six foot hose to connect directly to the cabinet. For use with lighter abrasives such as glass bead, aluminum oxide, garnet or plastic media. Sandblast Room Ventilation Factor 1 – What you are blasting off. Econoline: 201768G-B10, 201768G-B5, 202672-A: Cloth: Reusable: 0000000:. 06. Add to Cart. We offer a self-contained abrasive reclaim system that includes an integral elevator, separator / classifier, dust collector controls and abrasive storage hopper. at (866) 721-3545 or e-mail us at [email protected] AFC is known for its market-leading dust collection technology, which offers excellent visibility when blasting. 99. The 600 CFM model (Mfg. In addition, blast gates are grounded by connecting a grounding lug to one the gates. Media eventually breaks down and dust and debris result from the impact of media against the part(s), especially rust and paint. 1%. 220-700 Modular Dust Collectors. Check out out our line of Deadman Control Handles and equipment. This unit effectively separates dust particles by saturating the air stream. 97 percent dust inside the vac and out of. We have a unique process to conceptualize, design, and build high-performance sandblasting rooms and booths for many industrial applications enclosures to match your specific. Abrasion-resistant plenums and ultra-high efficiency Nano-Elite filter media work to increase the life of your dust collector filter. These systems are best for low-production applications. Soda Blast Media;. We cut out the middleman and pass the savings to you!Anyone doing abrasive blasting understands the benefits of having a blast room. There are many reasons to make a DIY Sandblasting Cabinet. Since 1985, Vaniman has been delivering high-quality dental equipment products that are reliable, low-maintenance, and easy to use. The use of a BlueSky ® industrial dust collection system with a SmartBox ® module ensures that collected hazardous dust & filters never pose a threat to service personnel or the workplace environment. Add to cart. 5 cube Blast Pot with a high quality Micro Metering Valve, RB900 Reclaim and RB900 Cartridge Style/Timed Reverse Pulse Dust Collector into the one unit. Cyclone Sand Blasting Cabinet – Dual-Workstation, w/ Dust Collector. The Dust Collection Systems. Offers hook up to dust collector system. E) and India and is serving the other areas of Middle East with a network of distributors. Below are some videos I already have on this topic: Dust Deputy Review. Employers who follow Table 1 correctly are not required to measure workers’ exposure to silica from those tasks and are not subject to the. Each Vaniman sandblaster is assembled by hand and tested for quality prior to being shipped from our factory. Table is all metal, fence is plastic. Temple Furniture's Dust Collection System Upgrade Provides Safer Environment. The Trinco™ BP Dust Collector vacuums the dust and contamination from the cabinet. HEPA option is ideal for hexavalent chrome, asbestos, lead,Medium- to Large-Diameter Drill Dust Collection Systems. dust collectors including a variety of custom dust collection products developed for your company’s specific needs. 02. Increase productivity. A Dust Collector in a Drawer for Dentists Without a Lot of Room. The Vaniman SandVac is the ideal dental dust collector for dental sandblasters that is both quiet and powerful with long motor life. 84 . Airblast AFC is known for its market-leading dust collection technology, which offers excellent visibility when blasting. 48 products. Use closed head sprinkler systems for all other dust collection system components. Set-up as a stand-alone or ducted unit. Reclaim systems require the addition of a pickup tube to the cabinet hopper. The lack of a suitable sandblasting dust collection system can result in a hazardous working environment for employees. 27 Add to Cart Request Quote. The dust you are creating is a critical factor that you must be aware of. Freight. With dust in the air, it can collect on products throughout the manufacturing process. Skid, Trailer, Truck mount. Sandblaster Dust Bag Filter. The unit contained long life pleated fabric filters, a AMCA rated fan, a dust collection hopper with slide gate, a storage drum, and a compressed air chamber, as well as all necessary controls and filter. This method ensures the accuracy of all dimensions and bolt hole alignment. Cyclone 4224 Sandblasting Kit Cyclone Sand Blaster. The Delta3 Inline Spark Arrestor offers unbeatable spark arrestance with exceptionally low pressure drop. This Dust Collection Ram Cartridge Filter Dust Collector. Schmidt 8 Ton Blast Pot System; 28 Ton Blast Pot; Portable Abrasive Blasters. 100% Satisfaction Guaranteed. Viking manufactures industrial shot blasting equipment and aqueous cleaning equipment customized to your parts-specific-needs. A Proven Solution for Improving Indoor Air Quality. Metal finishing, abrasive blasting with various media, powder handling, powder coating, grain and feed, paper and printing, food processing. 50. Industrial dust collection systems from A. Tweet. • Single large filter bag traps dust and deposits into bottom drum. Our dust collectors typically provide air cleanliness of greater than 99%. From large scale projects to small requests for sandblasting abrasives, wet blasting equipment or dust collector filters, Rapid Prep can deliver. Date published: 2023-03-09. or Best Offer. Other portable systems are lightweight hopper-fed types. This dust collector is made of sturdy steel with powder coated finish that can resist rust and corrosion . Powerful dust-free abrasive blasting; Attaches to most gas-powered pressure washers; Efficient siphon feed gun; Removes paints, coatings and loose rust. This 12,000 CFM dust collecting unit goes anywhere and can be moved with only a 1 ton truck. Send. Siphon Systems. LED LIGHTING SYSTEM. Contact Finishing Systems today to learn more about our products and services, or call us at 800-582-3693. Using an ARS System for abrasive blasting, transloading, or dust collection is a great way to boost job-site productivity and profitability. We don’t share your credit card details with third-party sellers, and we don’t sell your information to others. Quick and easy Way to make a DIY Dust Collection system. For over 35 years, Vaniman Manufacturing Co. AutoM Dust Collector. Having been building abrasive blasting equipment for over 40 years, we wanted to share with. Downtime is also a thing of the past as the reverse pulse cleaning system momentarily reverses. The 1/3 horse power motor outputs 100 CFM of air flow to help keep your work area dust free, making for high visibility while blasting. A cartridge-style pulse jet dust collector has superior filtration efficiency, with filters that can remove 0. A dust collector removes pollutants from the air, providing your facility with cleaner air, which can provide numerous benefits. ThisPauli Systems is the leader in abrasive blasting dust collection with systems from 900 to 44,000 CFM. 27-1/2" long. Contact Supplier. Protoblast has been building dust control solutions for the abrasive blasting industry for over 40 years.